Why You Only Need One Polarizer Filter
Here's an old trick to save money and get better results at the same time.
Lenses
Gear reviews and how-to guides for on lenses digital cameras.
The GFX100RF in the Field: A Sample Image Collection
A collection of real-world Fujifilm GFX100RF sample images, shot with its fixed 28mm-equivalent f/4 lens and no in-body stabilization, each with the exact exposure settings used to keep them sharp.
Viltrox WCL-X100VI Wide-Angle Conversion Lens for the Fujifilm X100VI: A Real-World Look
I've been shooting with the Viltrox WCL-X100VI wide-angle conversion lens on my Fujifilm X100VI, and here's what I've found.
Shooting the Nikon 16mm f/2.8D Fisheye on the Nikon Z8
There's still no native Nikon Z-mount fisheye, but an old discontinued F-mount lens paired with the FTZ adapter turns out to be a genuinely strong option on the Z8. Here's what you gain, what you lose, and how it stacks up against the newer third-party Z-mount fisheyes.
TTArtisan Tilt 50mm f/1.4: Sample Photos & The Miniature Effect
I've written a full technical review of the TTArtisan Tilt 50mm f/1.4 separately, but I wanted to include here a larger collection of sample images.
TTArtisan Tilt 50mm f/1.4 Hands-on Review
Tilt lenses are definitely niche, but they allow you to aggressively manipulate the focus plane to create that fun "miniature" optical illusion. The TTArtisan Tilt 50mm f/1.4 is an affordable, all-metal manual lens designed exactly for this creative purpose. I took it for a spin handheld to see if this $229 lens could deliver that eye-catching diorama look without the high price tag of traditional architectural glass.
Sample Images from the Laowa 8-15mm f/2.8 FF Zoom Fisheye
A collection of handheld sample images from the Laowa 8-15mm f/2.8 FF Zoom Fisheye on a Nikon Z8, shot in RAW at f/2.8 and f/4 with no distortion corrections applied, showing what this manual-focus zoom fisheye actually delivers.
Laowa 8-15mm f2.8 Full-Frame Zoom Fisheye Review
The Laowa 8-15mm f2.8 is a full-frame zoom fisheye lens that comes with various common lens mounts. I've been shooting with it, and here's my take.
Meike 85mm f1.4 AF Z Sample Images
Here are some high-resolution sample images to go along with my review of the Meike 85mm f1.4 AF Z fast prime lens.
Meike 85mm f/1.4 AF Z Lens Hands-on Review
I've been shooting with the Meike 85mm f1.4 AF Z fast prime lens. The price is certainly attractive. It's optics are very good. My biggest quibble with it is the speed and reliability of the autofocus.
Teleconverters Explained: What They Do, What They Cost You, and When They’re Worth It
Want to turn your 200mm lens into a 280mm or 400mm monster without spending thousands on new glass? A teleconverter might be the answer. But before you buy, you need to understand the 'optical tax' involved — specifically regarding light loss and autofocus speed.
Nikon Z TC-1.4x Teleconverter Hands-on Review
My experiences with teleconverters over the years haven't been great. But this new Nikon Z 1.4x teleconverter surprised me.
Why Non-CPU Lens Data Matters for Manual Lenses on Nikon Z
Using a manual-focus lens on a Nikon Z? Here's what a non-CPU lens actually is, and a step-by-step walkthrough of the Non-CPU Lens Data menu that sharpens IBIS, Auto ISO, and your image metadata.
TTArtisan 11mm f/2.8 Z Fisheye Sample Images
I've been testing the TTArtisan 11mm f/2.8, a full-frame fisheye with manual focus and manual aperture. Here are some more sample images I've taken with it to go along with my detailed hands-on review.
TTArtisan 11mm f/2.8 Fisheye Hands-on Review
Here's my hands-on review after shooting with the TTArtisan 11mm f/2.8 full-frame fisheye lens.
AstrHori 12mm f/2.8 Z Fisheye Hands-on Review
The AstrHori 12mm f/2.8 fisheye is a fast full-frame fisheye lens. It's an entirely analog lens with manual focus and manual aperture. I've been out shooting with it, and here's my take on it.
Viltrox AF 28mm f/4.5 Z Hands-on Review
The Viltrox AF 28mm f/4.5 Z is a fixed-aperture full-frame lens that is absolutely tiny. It's an interesting option for street and travel photography.
Viltrox AF 15mm F1.7 Air Z Lens Hands-on Review
The Viltrox AF 15mm f1.7 Air lens is small, light, pleasingly sharp, and certainly priced attractively. After shooting with it, here's my detailed take on it.
Nikon Z 14-24mm f/2.8 S Sample Images: A Lens I Look Forward to Shooting With
After years shooting the heavier AF-S 14-24mm f/2.8G, this Z-mount version became a lens I actually look forward to using. Here's a large set of real-world sample images shot on a Nikon Z8, with notes on how it compares to the AF-S original and the Z 14-30mm f/4 S.
Viltrox 24mm f1.8 AF Z Sample Images
Here's a collection of sample images I've taken with the Viltrox AF 24mm f1.8 Z to go along with my detailed hands-on review.
Viltrox 24mm f1.8 AF Z Hands-on Review
The Viltrox AF 24mm f1.8 Z is a competent, workmanlike wide prime lens. But factor the price in, and it becomes a very attractive lens.
Viltrox 16mm f/1.8 AF Z: My Favorite Viltrox Lens Yet
After weeks of real-world shooting on a Nikon Z8, this fast, sharp ultra-wide has become one of my favorite Viltrox lenses yet. Here's my hands-on take on the Viltrox 16mm f/1.8 AF Z, including sample images and how it stacks up against pricier alternatives.
Viltrox 16mm f/1.8 AF Z Sample Images
The Viltrox 16mm f1.8 AF Z manages to be good, cost-effective, and fun to shoot with, which is a great combination. I've been out putting it to the test on my Nikon Z8, and here are some sample images to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Viltrox 50mm f1.8 AF Z Hands-on Review
There are Viltrox lenses that I like. And I especially like a fast 50mm prime. So why wouldn't I recommend this one?
Laowa 10mm f2.8 Zero-D FF Hands-on Review: Ultra-Wide Full-Frame with Autofocus
The Laowa 10mm f2.8 is wide, relatively fast, and has autofocus. It's also full-frame and, importantly, has very effective aspherical elements to keep things straight. I've been shooting with it. Here's my take.
Laowa 10mm f2.8 AF Sample Images
I've been out shooting with the ultra-wide Laowa 10mm f/2.8 autofocus lens (full-frame). Here's a selection of high-resolution sample files I've taken with it.
Nikon Z DX APS-C Lenses / Nikon & Third-Party
There's a surprisingly large range of options available if you're looking for Nikon Z DX mirrorless lenses. Here's my running list of the alternatives from Nikon and third-party manufacturers.
Viltrox AF 25mm f/1.7 Z: A Hands-on Field Review
At $176, the Viltrox AF 25mm f/1.7 Z undercuts Nikon's own DX primes by hundreds of dollars — but is the autofocus and optical quality good enough to matter? Here's what real-world shooting with it on a Nikon Z8 revealed, from sharpness wide open to vignetting and AF speed.
Shooting with the Viltrox 25mm f1.7 Air on Nikon Z
A look at real photos taken with the Viltrox AF 25mm f1.7 Z, an inexpensive APS-C prime for Nikon's Z-mount, shot mostly wide open to see what this $176 lens can really do.
Nikon Z FX Full-Frame Lenses / Nikon & Third-Party Manufacturers
There's a surprisingly large range of options available if you're looking for Nikon Z full-frame lenses. Here's my running list of the alternatives from Nikon and third-party manufacturers.
Nikon Z 180-600mm f/5.6-6.3 VR Zoom Range Examples
180mm is already telephoto territory, but this lens reaches all the way to 600mm on full-frame. Here are uncropped, real-world Nikon Z8 examples across the zoom range so you can see what that reach actually looks like.
Nikon Z 105mm f/2.8 Macro: More Than Just Close-Ups
A year of real shooting with the Nikkor Z MC 105mm f/2.8 VR S on a Nikon Z8, from macro close-ups to cherry blossoms at the Tidal Basin. Here's a look at the sample images and why its flat-field macro design makes it an unusually capable everyday telephoto.
Sony 10-20mm f/4 Zoom Range Visual Examples
Here are some practical examples of the zoom range of the Sony E 10-20mm f/4 PZ G wide-angle zoom lens to give a visual sense of how the focal lengths translate into real-world shooting.
Sony 15mm f1.4 vs Sigma 16mm f1.4: A Side-by-Side Comparison
I've been shooting with these two fast wide-angle primes for Sony E-mount. Here's my take on how they compare.
Sigma 16mm f1.4 Hands-on Review – Wide-angle Lens for Sony E-Mount
This is my hands-on review of the Sigma 16mm f/1.4 DC DN lens, which I've been using on a Sony a6700.
Sigma 16mm f1.4 Sample Images – Wide-angle Lens for Sony E-Mount
Here's a selection of images I've taken using the Sigma 16mm f/1.4 DC DN prime lens on a Sony a6700.
Sony 15mm f1.4 Hands-on Review – Wide-angle Prime for Sony E-Mount
Here's my hands-on review of the Sony E 15mm f/1.4 G prime lens for Sony APS-C Alpha cameras.
Sony 15mm f1.4 Sample Images – Wide-angle Lens for Sony E-Mount
Here are some sample images I've taken with the Sony E 15mm f/1.4 G lens on a Sony a6700. It's a fast prime designed for Sony's cropped-sensor APS-C cameras in the Alpha range.
What Does 35mm Equivalent Mean? How Sensor Size & Lens Focal Length Combine
If you've ever shopped for a lens and seen the phrase "35mm equivalent," you know photography jargon can be confusing. This term is the key to understanding how different cameras see the world. Here is exactly what it means and how to use it to choose the right lens.
How to Customize the Control Ring on Nikon Z Lenses & What You Can Do With It
My aim in this post is to walk through how to adjust the control ring settings, explore the default settings, and dive into the various options available so you can set it up for your own style of shooting.
Nikon 105mm f/2.8 Macro: Why I’m Switching from AF-S to Z
I shot the Nikon AF-S and Z 105mm f/2.8 macro lenses side-by-side on my Z8 to settle a practical question: is the Z version's price worth ditching a lens I already own and use constantly.
The Problem With Using the Lens Control Ring for Exposure Compensation on Nikon Z Cameras
Every time I turned my Z8 on, my exposure was off by a stop. I thought I had "Auto Reset" enabled, but I missed one critical detail about how the lens control ring behaves. Here is the fix.
Nikon Z 40mm f2 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
The Nikon Z 40mm f/2 is probably the closest thing to a nifty fifty in Nikon's current Z lens lineup. Here are some photos I've taken with it to go alongside my hands-on review.
Nikon Z 26mm f2.8 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been out shooting with the small, compact Nikon Z 26mm f/2.8 lens. Here are some photos I've taken with it.
Nikon Z 28mm f2.8 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
The Nikon Z 28mm f/2.8 is small, light, and very reasonably priced. Here are some photos I've taken with it.
Nikon Z 28mm f2.8 Hands-on Test & Review
Here's my hands-on review of the Nikon Z 28mm f/2.8, a small, light, and cheap prime lens for Nikon Z-mount mirrorless cameras.
Nikon Z 40mm f2 Hands-on Test & Review
I've been out shooting with the Nikon Z 40mm f/2 prime lens. It's a small, light, and relatively fast prime that is a great option for candids, street, and travel photography. Here's my take on it.
Nikon Z 26mm f2.8 Hands-on Test & Review
This 26mm pancake lens is the smallest lens in Nikon's Z lineup. And yet I'm very impressed with its performance, both in handling and in image quality. It has quickly earned a regular place attached to my camera.
Nikon Lens Hood Compatibility Chart
A running list of Nikon lens hood model numbers matched to specific NIKKOR lenses, covering F-mount FX and DX lenses, older manual-focus glass, and Z-mount mirrorless lenses, plus what the HB, HN, HR, and HK codes actually mean.
Sony Lens Hood Compatibility Chart
If you're after a replacement or spare lens hood for your Sony lens, here are the part numbers to look for. Updated with the latest Sony lenses.
Venus Optics / Laowa Lens Codes
Laowa lenss use various codes in their names to denote compatibility or particular features. Here's how to make sense of them.
Nikon Z 35mm f1.8 S Hands-on Test & Review
Sharp, smooth, and reasonably priced, the Nikon NIKKOR Z 35mm f/1.8 S is a highly versatile and useful lens in Nikon's expanding lineup of Z-mount primes.
Sony Lens Codes Explained
Sony uses a specific set of codes to distinguish its lenses, from the entry-level "E" series to the top-tier "G Master" glass. As a relative newcomer compared to Canon or Nikon, Sony's list is shorter, but the rapid evolution of their autofocus motors (from SSM to XD) can still be confusing. Here is the complete breakdown.
Pentax Lens Codes
Pentax users pride themselves on backward compatibility — you can mount a 1975 lens on a 2024 camera. But the alphabet soup of lens codes (DA, FA, PLM, DC) tells a different story. Some new lenses won't work on old bodies, and some old lenses need special settings to work on new bodies. Here's a breakdown of the Pentax code language.
Rokinon (Samyang) Lens Codes, Decoded
Rokinon lenses offer incredible bang-for-your-buck, but their naming convention is a confusing soup of "Cine DSX," "AS," and "UMC." Are Rokinon and Samyang really the same thing? Does the V-AF line actually have autofocus for video? We break down every cryptic code on the barrel to help you buy the right glass for your Sony, Canon, or Nikon camera — including the modular Remaster Slim system.
Nikon Z 50mm f1.2 S Sample Images – Real-World Examples
The Nikon Z 50mm f/1.2 S is fast, heavy, and pricey. But it's also optically excellent. Here are some photos I've taken with it.
Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f2.8 R LM WR Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A look at how the Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f/2.8 R LM WR performs in real shooting, with rectilinear optics that keep straight lines straight and no fisheye bulge at ultra-wide angles. These RAW, lightly processed shots from an X-T5 complement the full hands-on review of this lens.
Nikon Z 14-30mm f/4 S Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A gallery of real-world sample images shot with the Nikon NIKKOR Z 14-30mm f/4 S on a Nikon Z8, meant as a companion to my full hands-on review of the lens. All shots were taken in RAW with default in-camera corrections applied, so you can see exactly what this smaller, filter-friendly alternative…
OM System M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-45mm f4 Pro Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been testing the OM System M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-45mm f/4 Pro zoom lens for OM System and Olympus Micro Four Thirds cameras. Here are some quick practical examples of its zoom range to provide a visual idea of its perspective.
What Is a Fast Lens? Aperture, “Fast Glass,” and When It Matters
Get to grips with fast lenses--what they are, how they work and why they're so popular among photographers. Learn what defines a fast lens, the benefits of shooting with one, and good lenses to start with. Plus, discover some lens gotchas to watch out for.
What Does a Variable Aperture Range on a Zoom Lens Mean?
If you've ever looked at a lens barrel and wondered why it lists an aperture range instead of a single f-stop, you are looking at a variable aperture zoom. It is a deliberate engineering compromise to keep glass portable and affordable. Here is a breakdown of the optical math behind that sliding scale, plus a look at the hidden "effective aperture" quirk that happens when shooting 1:1 macro.
The Problem with Polarizers and Stitched Panoramas
There is nothing more frustrating than shooting a beautiful multi-frame landscape, only to get home and find dark, blotchy bands ruining the sky when you try to stitch it together. If you shoot panoramas, you've likely run into this issue. Here is a practical look at exactly why circular polarizers and stitched panoramas don't mix well, along with a few examples from my archive and the workarounds I rely on instead.
Sony FE 12-24mm f4 G Hands-on Test & Review
The Sony FE 12-24mm F4 G zoom lens has an ultra-wide perspective that adds a lot of drama and packs a lot of scene into the frame, but it manages to do it without the distracting parts that you often get at such extreme focal lengths.
Series Filters: the Three-Piece System Behind Vintage Lenses
Before threaded screw-on filters, lenses used a three-piece slip-on system sized by "series" number. Here's how Series 7, 8 and 9 filters actually attach, and why you'll still meet the term on vintage manual-focus lenses.
Fujifilm Lens Hood Compatibility Charts
Here are the part numbers for the lens hoods for common Fujifilm/Fujinon lenses, including X series and GFX series lenses. Updated with the latest Fujifilm lenses.
Canon Lens Hood Compatibility Charts
Many Canon lenses come with a dedicated lens hood that is optimized for that specific lens. If you need a replacement or spare lens hood, these are the compatibility charts with the lens hood model numbers. Updated to include the latest Canon lenses.
Nikon AF-S 85mm f1.4G Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've previously posted a detailed review of the Nikon AF-S 85mm f/1.4G. Here are some high-resolution sample images I've taken with it.
Sigma Lens Hood Compatibility Chart
Here are the part numbers took look for if you need a replacement or spare lens hood for your Sigma lens.
Nikon Z 24-120mm f/4 S Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A gallery of real-world sample images from the Nikon Z 24-120mm f/4 S, shot in RAW on a Nikon Z8 with default in-camera settings rather than lab conditions, meant to complement the full hands-on review of this versatile kit zoom.
Nikon Z 24-120mm f4 S Hands-on Test & Review
A hands-on look at the Nikon Z 24-120mm f/4 S, tested on a Nikon Z8 to see whether this kit lens option earns its premium "S" badge, with real sample images and a verdict on where it falls short.
Nikon Z 50mm f1.2 S Hands-on Test & Review
In this review, I'm focusing on the Nikon Z 50mm f/1.2 S fast prime lens for Nikon Z-mount mirrorless cameras.
Nikon Z 14-30mm f4 S Hands-on Test & Review
Small, light, with great optical performance, and affordably priced, there's a lot going for the Nikon NIKKOR Z 14-30mm f/4 S ultra-wide zoom lens. Here's my hands-on review.
Nikon Z 14-30mm f4 S Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical visual examples of the zoom range of the Nikon NIKKOR Z 14-30mm f/4 S zoom lens.
Nikon Z 24-120mm f/4 S: What 24mm to 120mm Actually Looks Like
A 5x zoom range sounds simple on paper, but what does 24mm to 120mm actually look like side by side? Here are practical examples shot on a Nikon Z8, including how close you can really get at each end.
Fujifilm XF 50mm f/1.0 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been shooting with the ultra-fast prime Fujifilm XF 50mm f/1.0 R WR lens on the new Fujifilm X-T5. Here are sample images.
Fujifilm XF 50mm f1.0 R WR Hands-on Test & Review
I've been shooting with the Fujifilm XF 50mm f/1.0 R WR ultra-fast autofocus prime lens on the new Fujifilm X-T5. Here's my take on it.
Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f2.8 Hands-on Test & Review
I've been out shooting with the Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f/2.8 R LM WR ultra wide-angle lens on the new Fujifilm X-T5. Here's my take on it.
Zeiss Lens Codes Guide
There is no name more distinguished in optics than Zeiss, but their naming convention is anything but intuitive. Unlike other brands that use tech-jargon, Zeiss names lenses after birds and century-old optical formulas. From the autofocus Batis to the manual-focus Milvus and the legendary T* coating, here is a plain-English guide to understanding exactly what you’re buying when you see that famous blue badge.
Tokina Camera Lens Codes Guide
Tokina lenses are legendary for their "built-like-a-tank" construction, but their naming system has undergone a massive overhaul recently. If you’re confused by the jump from "AT-X" to "atx-i" or "opera," you aren’t alone. Here is the definitive guide to every code Tokina uses, including their unique Focus Clutch mechanism and their 2026 mirrorless lineup.
Tamron Lens Codes Guide: Every Acronym Explained
Tamron Di, Di II, Di III, VXD, SP — what do they actually mean on a lens barrel? This guide breaks down every current and legacy Tamron code, from sensor compatibility to autofocus motors and glass coatings.
Sigma Lens Codes Guide
Sigma lens names can be a mouthful of acronyms. Once you know how to read them, however, they are a powerful shorthand for identifying whether a lens is built for full-frame or crop sensors, DSLRs or mirrorless cameras. This guide demystifies the alphabet soup so you can quickly categorize any lens in their massive lineup.
How to Read Fujifilm Lens Codes: A Glossary for X and GFX Shooters
As a relative newcomer to the modern mirrorless game, Fujifilm hasn’t accumulated the decades of confusing acronyms that Canon or Nikon have. But their naming convention is precise, and knowing how to read it will tell you exactly what you are buying — and whether it has that all-important aperture ring.
Decoding Nikon Lens Codes: A Guide to F-Mount & Z-Mount Abbreviations
VR? ED? S-Line? Plena? Nikon lens names are a alphabet soup of confusing abbreviations. This guide decodes them all — from the latest Z-mount tech to vintage manual focus terms — so you know exactly what you're buying.
Canon Lens Codes Guide
Like most lens manufacturers, Canon uses codes in their lens names to identify key features and technologies of the lens. They might look like a look like a random jumble of letters, but they are actually a precise formula. Once you know how to read them, you can instantly tell if a lens will fit your camera, how fast it will focus, and whether it is weather-sealed.
Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f2.8 R LM WR Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some real-world examples of the zoom range of the Fujifilm XF 8-16mm f/2.8 R LM WR ultra-wide-angle zoom lens.
OM System M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-45mm f4 PRO Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been out shooting to test out the OM System M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-45mm f/4 PRO zoom lens. Here's a selection of images I've taken with it.
Fisheye Lenses: The Good, the Bad, and the Distorted
Fisheye lenses pack a dramatic, distorted view into the frame — great for tight interiors and immersive action shots, terrible for portraits and architecture. Here's what to know before you shoot with one, including the two main types and what to avoid.
Nikon AF-S 85mm f1.4G Hands-on Test & Review
With a fast maximum aperture combined with a short telephoto, the Nikon AF-S 85mm f/1.4G offers wonderful opportunities for isolating a subject from its background and shooting in low light. Here's my take on it.
Olympus 12-100mm f4 IS PRO Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of sample images I've taken with the Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-100mm f/4 IS PRO zoom lens. I've included a range of settings and lighting conditions to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Olympus 12-100mm f/4 IS PRO: Zoom Range Sample Images
What does a 12-100mm zoom actually look like on a Micro Four Thirds body? These real-world sample images, shot on an Olympus OM-1, show the full range from 12mm to 100mm (a 24-200mm full-frame equivalent) in practical terms.
Sigma 14-24mm f2.8 DG HSM Hands-on Test & Review
Here's my hands-on review of the Sigma 14-24mm f/2.8 DG HSM lens for full-frame DSLRs. I've found it to be optically excellent and great fun to shoot with.
Sigma 14mm f1.8 DG HSM A Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been testing out the Sigma 14mm f/1.8 DG HSM ultra-wide lens. Here's a selection of sample images I've taken with it.
Sigma 14mm f1.8 DG HSM Art Hands-on Test & Review
The Sigma 14mm f/1.8 DG HSM Art lens is optically excellent and the only 14mm ultrawide f/1.8 prime lens. But how does it stack up against Sigma's own 14-24mm f/2.8 zoom?
Sigma 105mm f1.4 DG HSM A Hands-on Test & Review
The Sigma 105mm f/1.4 DG HSM Art telephoto lens is fast, sharp, and well-made. Here's my hands-on review.
Sigma 14-24mm f/2.8 DG HSM Art Sample Images – Real-World Examples
This is a selection of sample images I've taken with the Sigma 14-24mm f/2.8 DG HSM Art Lens to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Sigma 105mm f1.4 DG HSM A Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of sample photos I've taken with the Sigma 105mm f/1.4 DG HSM Art lens, the fastest of Sigma's 105mm lenses.
Sigma 14-24mm f2.8 DG HSM A Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical examples of the zoom range of the Sigma 14-24mm f/2.8 DG HSM Art ultra-wide zoom lens.
Nikon Fisheye Lenses for F-Mount: Alternatives & Comparisons
Fisheye lenses are powerful creative tools, but not all of them work the same way. Some create a floating circle, while others fill the frame with curved drama. Nikon currently offers three very different options — from the vintage 16mm prime to the modern 8-15mm zoom. Here is my breakdown of how they compare.
Nikon AF-S 50mm f1.4G Lens Hood Alternatives
The Nikon AF-S 50mm f/1.4G lens comes with a perfectly good lens hood included. But there's another option I've found to work better for me.
Sony E 20mm f/2.8 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been testing the Sony E 20mm f/2.8 wide-angle lens for Sony E-mount APS-C mirrorless cameras. Here are some high-resolution sample images I've shot with it.
Best Wide-Angle Lenses for Nikon DX DSLRs
Because Nikon's crop-sensor (DX) DSLRs share the exact same lens mount, finding the perfect wide-angle lens for sweeping landscapes or tight real estate photography is the same whether you shoot with an entry-level D3500 or a flagship D500. Here are my practical recommendations for the best wide-angle options for your Nikon DX camera.
Sigma 150-600mm f5-6.3 DG OS HSM S Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Sigma has two zoom lenses at the 150-600mm focal lengths. Here are some sample images I've shot with the Sports version, which is bigger, heavier, and much more expensive than the Contemporary version, but also offers much improved optical performance.
Nikon AF-S 8-15mm f/3.5-4.5E ED Hands-on Test & Review
The Nikon AF-S 8-15mm fisheye zoom lens is optically excellent and opens up some fun creative opportunities. There are also some quirks when shooting with it.
Nikon 8-15mm Fisheye Lens: Sample Images and Real-World Shooting Notes
A set of unedited sample photos from the Nikon AF-S 8-15mm f/3.5-4.5E ED fisheye zoom, shot on a D850, along with practical notes on the lens hood's vignetting quirk, filter limitations, and dedicated accessories.
Nikon AF-S 8-15mm Fisheye Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
The zoom range of this lens isn’t your typical closer-and-further-away views. Here are some practical examples.
Nikon AF 200mm f4D IF-ED Macro Sample Images – Real-World Examples
This is a collection of sample images I've taken with the Nikon AF Micro-NIKKOR 200mm f/4D IF-ED macro lens.
Sigma 35mm f1.4 DG HSM A Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a collection of sample images that I've shot with the Sigma 35mm f/1.4 Art lens for Nikon DSLRs.
Sony FE 20mm f1.8 G Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of photos I've taken with the Sony FE 20mm f/1.8 G wide-angle prime lens on a Sony Alpha camera to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting.
Sony FE 70-200mm f2.8 GM OSS Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've recently been out shooting with the Sony FE 70-200mm GM OSS zoom lens. Here are some photos I've taken with it.
Sony FE 90mm f/2.8 Macro G OSS Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A set of handheld, natural-light sample photos from the Sony FE 90mm f/2.8 Macro G OSS, shot on a Sony A1 across a range of apertures and distances — a real look at what this compact macro prime can do, from close-up flower detail to soft-background portraits.
Sony 70-200mm f2.8 Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical examples of the zoom range of the Sony FE 70-200mm f/2.8 GM OSS zoom lens on a Sony Alpha full-frame mirrorless camera.
Shooting the Canon RF 24-105mm f/4L IS USM: A Sample Gallery
A collection of real-world sample images shot with the Canon RF 24-105mm f/4L IS USM on a Canon EOS R5, covering a range of apertures, focal lengths, and scenes to show how this versatile zoom actually performs.
Canon 24-105mm f/4 IS USM: What 24mm and 105mm Actually Look Like
How different is 24mm from 105mm in practice? These uncropped photo pairs, shot from the same spot on a Canon R5, show exactly what the Canon 24-105mm f/4 IS USM's zoom range looks like.
How to Customize the Control Ring on the Nikon Z 24-70mm f/4 S
That narrow ring near the camera body isn't just for manual focus — Nikon calls it the Control Ring, and it can be reassigned to aperture, ISO, or exposure compensation. Here's exactly where to find that setting in the Z6/Z7 menus, for both photo and video modes.
Nikon Z 24-70mm f4 S Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a collection of photos I've taken recently with the Nikon NIKKOR Z 24-70mm f/4 S zoom lens. All of these were shot on a Nikon Z7 body.
Nikon Z 24-70mm f4 S Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical examples of the zoom range of the Nikon NIKKOR Z 24-70mm f/4 S, with side-by-side examples shot at 24mm and 70mm.
How to Use Step-Up & Step-Down Filter Adapter Rings for Screw-in Lens Filters
Why buy three expensive polarizers when you only need one? Step-up rings are the secret weapon of pro photographers, allowing you to adapt a single high-quality filter to fit almost every lens in your bag. Here is how they work.
How to Remove a Stuck Filter: The Mousepad Trick & Other Tricks
There is nothing more frustrating than a filter that refuses to unscrew, especially when the light is fading. But before you reach for the pliers (don't!), you need to understand the physics of why it's stuck. Here are the safest ways to remove a seized filter without damaging your lens — starting with a very old trick that works like magic.
Camera Lens Filters Explained for Beginners: Polarizer, ND, UV — What Each Does and Which You Need
Here's a quick rundown on using some of the most common types of screw-in filters and considerations when using them.
Finding the Right Filter Size for Your Pentax Lens
A searchable chart of filter sizes for every screw-thread Pentax lens, from 49mm to 77mm, plus the step-up ring trick pros use to buy one filter instead of five.
Tamron Lens Filter Size Chart
If you're looking to add a polarizer, UV, or ND filter to your lens, you'll need to know the lens diameter/filter size. Here's a lens filter size chart for Tamron lenses.
Sigma Camera Lens Filter Size Chart
If you're looking to add a polarizer, UV, or ND filter to your lens, you'll need to know the lens diameter/filter size. Here's a lens filter size chart for Sigma lenses. Updated with Sigma's latest lenses.
Olympus / OM System Lenses: Filter Size Chart
A searchable chart of filter diameters for Olympus and OM System M.Zuiko lenses, from the 45mm f1.8 to the 12-40mm f2.8 Pro, plus a step-up ring trick pros use to avoid buying a separate filter for every lens.
Fujifilm Lens Filter Size Charts
Here's a lens filter size chart for Fujifilm/Fujinon lenses, including their X series and GFX series lenses. If you're looking to add a polarizer, UV, or ND filter to your lens, you'll need to know the lens diameter/filter size.
Sony Lens Filter Size Charts
A running chart of filter thread diameters for Sony E-Mount and A-Mount lenses, updated as new glass ships, plus the step-up ring trick pros use to avoid buying a filter for every lens.
Nikon Filter Sizes: A Master List for Z, DSLR, & Manual Lenses
Looking for the right filter size? You don't need to guess. I've compiled a master list of lens diameters for the entire Nikon lineup — from the latest Z-mount releases (like the Plena) to vintage manual focus glass — so you can buy the right screw-in filter every time.
Finding the Right Filter Size for Your Canon Lens
Look up the filter thread size for your Canon lens by mount, whether RF, EF, EF-S, or EF-M, across current zoom and prime models. Updated regularly as new Canon lenses are released, plus tips on step-up rings and polarizing filters.
F-Stop Chart & Interactive Aperture Calculator: f/0.95 to f/32
Why is the jump from f/5.6 to f/8 a full stop, but f/1.4 to f/1.8 is only two-thirds? The math behind lens apertures is famously counterintuitive, but mastering it is the key to perfect exposure. We’ve built a custom, mobile-friendly F-Stop Calculator to help you instantly solve for ND filter offsets (including Big and Super Stoppers) and compare increments across the entire range — from f/0.95 "Noct" glass to f/32. Use this interactive tool and charts to take the guesswork out of your next shoot.
Sony FE 12-24mm f4 G Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Sony's FE 12-24mm f/4 G lens is an ultra-wide-angle zoom lens designed for their full-frame cameras. For an unusually wide lens, it's remarkably true and sharp and doesn't suffer from the usual optical flaws you'd expect.
Sony FE 24mm f1.4 GM Hands-on Test & Review
The Sony FE 24mm f/1.4 GM is a high-end fast prime designed for Sony's full-frame mirrorless cameras. Here's my hands-on review.
Sony FE 24mm f1.4 GM Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a collection of photos I've taken recently with the Sony FE 24mm f/1.4 GM wide-angle prime lens on a Sony a7R IV body.
Lumix S 24-105mm f4 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've recently been out shooting with the new Lumix S 24-105mm f/4 on the also-new Lumix S1 full-frame mirrorless camera. Here are some images taken with the combination with an emphasis on examples showing how the lens performs in real-world shooting.
Panasonic Lumix S 24-105mm f4 Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical examples taken at each end of the zoom range of the new Panasonic Lumix S 24-105mm f/4 macro zoom lens.
Sony 18-135mm f3.5-5.6 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A selection of photos I've taken with the Sony 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 E-Mount lens, a highly versatile zoom lens.
Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-40mm f2.8 Pro Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here's a quick practical example of the zoom range of the Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-40mm f/2.8 Pro zoom lens.
Olympus 12-40mm f2.8 Pro Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A selection of photos I've taken with the Olympus M.Zuiko Digital ED 12-40mm f/2.8 Pro wide-angle zoom lens.
How to Switch Between Autofocus and Manual Focus on the Olympus 12-40mm f/2.8 Pro
No button, no switch — just a sliding focus ring that isn't obvious until you know it's there. Here's exactly how to move the Olympus 12-40mm f/2.8 Pro (and PRO II) between autofocus and manual focus.
Sony 18-135mm f3.5-5.6 Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
The Sony E 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 is a popular choice for APS-C mirrorless cameras like the new Sony a6400 or the Sony a6000. And it makes for a versatile zoom lens for everyday travel photography. Here are some practical examples of its zoom range.
Fujifilm XF 18-55mm f2.8-4 Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a collection of photos I've taken with the Fujifilm XF 18-55mm lens to give some practical examples of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Fujifilm XF 18-55mm f2.8-4 R LM OIS Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
The Fujifilm (Fujinon) XF 18-55mm f/2.8-4 R LM OIS zoom lens, often included with Fujifilm X-series cameras such as the X-T4 and X-T30, is better than your average kit lens. Here are some practical examples of its zoom range from 18mm to 55mm.
Sony E 55-210 f4.5-6.3 OSS Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some quick practical examples of the zoom range of the Sony E 55-210mm f/4.5-6.3 lens, a cost-effective and versatile telephoto zoom for Sony E-mount mirrorless cameras.
Sony E 16mm f2.8 Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A tiny, fast pancake prime with a 24mm-equivalent view on APS-C — here's a look at what the Sony E 16mm f2.8 actually delivers, through unedited RAW photos shot on a Sony a6500 across a range of apertures.
Nikon 20mm f/1.8G ED: a Travel Photographer’s Hands-on Review
After years of favoring the 24mm f/1.4G and struggling to love the bulky 14-24mm f/2.8, I finally put the Nikon 20mm f/1.8G ED to the test on the road, checking sharpness, build, and handling with real-world sample photos.
Nikon 20mm f/1.8G ED Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A gallery of real-world photos shot with the Nikon 20mm f/1.8G ED on a Nikon D810, left unedited by Lightroom's lens corrections so you can judge vignetting, sharpness, chromatic aberration, and distortion for yourself.
LensBaby SOL 45 Hands-on Test & Review
LensBaby have released a new model in their range of special effects lenses. This one, the SOL 45, has a focal length of 45mm and combines selective focus and tilting. Here's my review and some photos taken with it.
Sony FE 16-35mm f2.8 GM Sample Images – Real-World Examples
I've been shooting with the Sony FE 16-35mm f/2.8 GM zoom lens on a Sony a7 iii full-frame mirrorless camera. Here's my hands-on review.
Sony FE 24-70mm f/2.8 GM Sample Images: Real-World Examples
A set of lightly processed RAW sample photos shot with the Sony FE 24-70mm f/2.8 GM on a Sony a7III, covering a range of subjects, apertures, and focal lengths to show how this G Master zoom actually performs in everyday travel shooting.
Sony 16-35mm f2.8 GM Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A collection of photos taken with the Sony FE 16-35mm f/2.8 GM lens to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Sony Distagon T* 35mm f1.4 ZA Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of sample images I've taken with the Sony 35mm f/1.4 ZA lens, one of Sony's high-end E-mount prime lenses.
Sony Planar T* FE 50mm f1.4 ZA Sample Images – Real-World Examples
The Sony 50mm f/1.4 ZA lens is one of Sony's high-end lenses. On full-frame sensors it offers a normal perspective and is especially good for low-light and selective focus shooting. Here are some sample photos I've taken with it.
Sigma 105mm f2.8 Macro Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of photos I've taken with the Sigma 105mm f/2.8 EX DG OS HSM macro prime lens.
Are Firecrest Filters Really Neutral? 100mm Kit Review
Screw-in filters are convenient, but for serious landscape photography, a square filter system offers unmatched flexibility. I took the Formatt Hitech Firecrest 100mm Pro Essentials Kit into the field to see if its aluminum holder and sandwich-coated glass really deliver the color neutrality they promise — and how they stack up against big names like Lee and Cokin.
Nikon AF-S 24mm f1.4G ED Sample Images – Real-World Examples
If I had to pick one lens to take with me to the ends of the earth, it would be this one: Nikon's 24mm f/1.4G. Here are some example photos I've shot with it.
Nikon AF-P 18-55mm Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here are some samples of photos I've taken with Nikon's AF-P 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G VR to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting. It's a versatile zoom lens designed for Nikon's F-mount DX DSLRs.
Nikon AF-S 28-300mm f3.5-5.6G ED VR Hands-on Test & Review
After months shooting with the Nikon 28-300mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR on the D810 and D800, here's a hands-on look at sharpness, distortion, vibration reduction, and whether this all-purpose travel lens earns its versatile reputation.
Nikon 28-300mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR: Real-World Sample Images
A look at real-world photos shot with the discontinued Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 28-300mm f/3.5-5.6G ED VR, from full wide-angle to 300mm zoomed in, plus notes on current used pricing versus its original MSRP.
Tamron’s 28-300mm: A Versatile, Affordable Travel Zoom But with Real Flaws to Be Aware Of
I spent time shooting with Tamron's affordable 28-300mm all-in-one zoom, testing its sharpness, autofocus, and vibration compensation against the flaws that come with the low price. Here's what held up and what didn't.
Tamron 28-300mm f3.5-6.3 Sample Images: Real-World Examples
This is a selection of photos I've taken with the Tamron 28-300mm f/3.5-6.3 Di VC PZD. I've included a range of settings and lighting conditions to give a sense of how it performs in real-world shooting conditions.
Why You Shouldn’t Use a Polarizer on a Wide-Angle Lens
A Circular Polarizer is a landscape photographer's best friend — until you put it on a wide-angle lens. Then, it can quickly become your enemy, turning beautiful blue skies into ugly, uneven gradients and dark 'blobs.' Here is the physics behind why wide-angle lenses and polarizers often don't mix, and the specific techniques you can use to avoid ruining your shot.
Nikon 105mm f/2.8G VR Macro: Real-World Sample Images
A look at how the Nikon AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G performs in practice, from flower and product macro shots to a vignetting test across apertures, based on real-world use.
Nikon 18-55mm Zoom Range Tests – Real-World Examples
Here are some practical examples that show the zoom range of the Nikon 18-55mm lens in case you're trying to decide which lens bundle to go with.
Nikon AF-S 14-24mm f2.8G ED Sample Images – Real-World Examples
Here's a selection of photos I've taken with the Nikon 14-24mm f/2.8 ultra-wide-angle zoom lens that gives an idea of how it performs under real-world shooting conditions.
Nikon AF-S 17-55mm f/2.8G DX: Real-World Sample Images
A hands-on look at the Nikon AF-S 17-55mm f/2.8G DX lens through a collection of real-world travel photos, showing exactly how its constant f/2.8 aperture performs across the zoom range.
Replacing the Tripod Foot on the Sigma 150-600mm Sports
The Sigma 150-600mm Sports collar can't be removed, but its foot can — swapped for the Jobu Design LF-S156S, an Arca-compatible replacement that skips the wobbly quick-release-plate workaround.
Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 24-70mm f/2.8E ED VR Sample Images
A look at how the Nikon AF-S NIKKOR 24-70mm f/2.8E ED VR performs beyond spec sheets, with real-world sample photos across a range of subjects and shooting conditions.
Nikon AF-S 50mm f1.4G Sample Images – Real-World Examples
This is a selection of photos I've taken with a Nikon 50mm f/1.4G to give an idea of how it performs in real-world shooting. It's an extremely versatile lens and one of my favorites.
Nikon Fisheye 16mm Sample Images – Real-World Examples
The Nikon NIKKOR-Fisheye 16mm f/2.8D lens is designed for Nikon's F-mount full-frame FX DSLRs. It provides a dramatic wide-angle fisheye look that can be very effective. Here's a selection of photos I've used it on to give a sense of how it performs under real-world shooting conditions.
Sigma 24-35mm f2 DG A Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A collection of sample photos taken with the Sigma 24-35mm f/2 DG HSM Art Lens to give an idea of how it performs in real-world shooting.
Nikon 80-400mm Sample Images: Real-World Examples
Here's a hands-on look at what the Nikon 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G VR ED delivers in the field: a gallery of real shots taken across various conditions, paired with a detailed review of the lens.
Nikon AF-S 105mm f1.4E ED Sample Images – Real-World Examples
This is a selection of photos I've taken using the Nikon 105mm f/1.4 lens. My emphasis with these shots is leaning more toward travel and everyday photography rather than the more common target for this lens of portrait photography.
Using Sigma’s USB Dock for Lens Updates and Tweaking
Sigma has a USB dock for its newer lenses that allows you to update the lens's firmware and customize some of the lens's core functions like autofocus and optical stabilization. Here's how the USB dock works and what you can do with it.
Polarizing Filter Shootout: Tiffen vs Hoya vs B+W vs Nikon
I put four popular circular polarizing filters, from Hoya, Tiffen, B+W, and Nikon, through the same side-by-side test on one camera and lens to see how their strength, color, and sharpness actually compare.
Sigma 35mm f1.4 DG HSM A Sample Images – Real-World Examples
A collection of sample images taken with Sigma's 35mm f/1.4 DG HSM Art Lens.
Polarizing Filter Effect: Before/After Examples, and How to Get It
In the age of AI editing, many physical filters have become obsolete. But there is one that remains essential: the Circular Polarizer. Why? Because it manipulates light physics before it hits your sensor, removing glare that software simply cannot 'see.' Here is how to use the '90-Degree Rule' to capture shots that are impossible to fake.
Sigma 120-300mm f2.8 EX DG OS APO HSM Hands-on Test & Review
A hands-on review of the Sigma 120-300mm F2.8 EX DG OS APO HSM telephoto zoom lens. It's the first lens in Sigma's new Sports line.
Sigma 150-600mm f5-6.3 C Hands-on Test & Review
Sigma has two super telephoto zoom lenses in their current range. Lately I've been putting the less expensive and smaller model through its paces.
Nikon AF-S 24-70mm f2.8E ED VR Hands-on Test & Review
Nikon has come out with a new version of its 24-70mm zoom lens that adds Vibration Reduction. I've been shooting with it for a few weeks now. Here's my review.
Sigma 24-35mm f2 DG HSM A Hands-on Test & Review
I've been putting the new Sigma 24-35mm f/2 DG HSM Art Lens through its paces. Here's what I found.
Nikon AF-S 200mm f4D IF-ED Micro Hands-on Test & Review
Now that spring has finally arrived, here's a hands-on review of using the Nikon 200mm f/4D IF-ED macro lens for outdoor flower photography.
Sigma 150-600mm f5-6.3 DG OS HSM S Test & Review
A hands-on review of Sigma's flagship super telephoto zoom for sports and wildlife photography.
Calibrating the Autofocus of Lens & Camera Combinations
If you're finding that the autofocus isn't focusing exactly where you want it, some cameras offer calibration tools. Here's how they work.
Sigma 35mm f1.4 DG HSM Hands-on Test & Review
For years, if you wanted the best 35mm f/1.4, you bought Nikon or Canon. Then Sigma released the "Art" series and shook tings up. At nearly half the price of the Nikon equivalent, the Sigma 35mm f/1.4 DG HSM isn't just a budget alternative — it's optically excellent and a very attractive alternative. Here is my field test.
Nikon AF-S 35mm f1.4G Hands-on Test & Review
The 35mm focal length is the storyteller's lens — wide enough for context, tight enough for portraits. Nikon’s f/1.4G version promises optical perfection with Nano Crystal coatings and a 9-blade diaphragm. But shooting wide open at f/1.4 reveals some quirks that require careful calibration. Here is my hands-on review.
Nikon 16mm f/2.8D Fisheye: A Hands-On Review
A hands-on look at Nikon's tiny, discontinued AF Fisheye-Nikkor 16mm f/2.8D — how it handles sharpness, low light, filters, and spherical panoramas, plus how it compares to the 10.5mm and 14-24mm.
Nikon 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G VR: A Travel Photographer’s Take
After months shooting the Nikon 80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G VR handheld on a D800, here's how its sharpness, autofocus, and vibration reduction hold up against the 70-200mm f/2.8 for travel and general telephoto work.
How to Find Your Filter Size (And Why 50mm is Wrong)
Confused by the numbers on your lens? You aren't alone. The most common mistake beginners make is trying to find a filter that matches their focal length (e.g., 50mm) instead of their lens diameter. Here is how to decode the 'ø' hieroglyphics on your lens barrel and why you should never buy a separate filter for every lens you own. And once you know what to look for, it's easy.
Tiffen Variable ND Filter Review: What I Found in the Field, and What I’d Test in the Current Model
An ND filter blocks light, meaning you can use a slower shutter speed or larger aperture. The Tiffen Variable ND Filter sounds great on paper, offering flexibility and convenience. Here's how it performs in practice.
